The Military as a Jobs Program:
There are More Efficient Ways to Stimulate the Economy
By Ellen Brown
URL of this article: www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=25361
Global Research, June 22, 2011
"Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed. . . . We pay for a single fighter plane with a half million bushels of wheat. We pay for a single destroyer with new homes that could have housed more than 8,000 people."–Dwight David Eisenhower, "The Chance for Peace," speech given to the American Society of Newspaper Editors, Apr. 16, 1953
In a Wall Street Journal editorial on June 8 bemoaning the failure of the Obama stimulus package, Martin Feldstein wrote:
"Experience shows that the most cost-effective form of temporary fiscal stimulus is direct government spending. The most obvious way to achieve that in 2009 was to repair and replace the military equipment used in Iraq and Afghanistan that would otherwise have to be done in the future. But the Obama stimulus had nothing for the Defense Department."
You can’t make this stuff up.
The most obvious way to stimulate the economy is to replace military
equipment? And the Obama stimulus had nothing for the Defense
Department? When veterans’ benefits and other past military costs are
factored in, the military now devours half the U.S. budget.
If military spending is such a cost-effective stimulus, why have the
trillions poured into it in the last decade left the economy reeling?
The military is the nation’s
largest and most firmly entrenched entitlement program, one that takes
half of every tax dollar. Even if "national security" is considered our
number one priority (a dubious choice when the real unemployment rate is
over 16%), estimates are that the military budget could be cut in half or more
and we would still have the most powerful military machine in the
world. Our enemies (if any) are now "terrorists," not countries; and
what is needed to contain them (if anything) is local policing, not
global warfare. Much of our military hardware is just good for "shock
and awe," not needed for any "real and present danger."
Military spending is the very
essence of "built-in obsolescence": it turns out products that are
designed to blow up. The military is not subject to ordinary market
principles but works on a "cost-plus" basis, with producers reimbursed
for whatever they have spent plus a guaranteed profit. Gone are the
usual competitive restraints that keep capitalist corporations "lean and
mean." Private contractors hired by the government on no-bid contracts
can be as wasteful and inefficient as they like and still make a tidy
profit. Yet legislators looking to slash wasteful "entitlements" persist
in overlooking this obvious elephant in the room.
The reason massive military
spending is considered the most "obvious" way to produce a fiscal
stimulus is simply that it is the only form of direct government
spending that gets a pass from the deficit hawks. The economy is
desperate to get money flowing through it, and today only the government
is in a position to turn on the spigots; but there is a tourniquet on
government spending. That is true for everything but the military, the
only program on which the government is allowed to spend seemingly
without limit, often even without oversight.
Chalmers Johnson estimated
in 2004 that as much as 40% of the Pentagon budget is "black," meaning
hidden from public scrutiny. The black budget is so top secret that
Congress itself is not allowed to peer in and haggle over the price.
Democratic control of the military has broken down. The military is
being used for purposes that even Congress is not allowed to know, much
less vote on. The U.S. is no longer a constitutional republic but is a
national security state. Foreign policy is determined behind closed
doors by powerful private interests that use our military presence
abroad to secure their access to cheap labor, markets and resources. At
least, we assume that is what is going on. A declared objective of U.S.
military policy is "full spectrum dominance." That could well mean
dominance over the American people along with everyone else.
Why is the military’s half of
the pie sacrosanct? Wasteful and unnecessary military programs get a
pass from legislators because the military is also our largest and most
secure jobs program, one that has penetrated into the nooks and crannies
of Every Town U.S.A. If it were disbanded, the economy would be
crippled by soaring unemployment, plant closures, and bankruptcies. Bruce Gagnon, coordinator of the Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power, writes:
"Most politicians understand . . . that weapons production is currently the number one industrial export product of the U.S. They know that major industrial job creation is largely coming from the Pentagon. Thus most politicians, from both parties, want to continue to support the military industrial complex gravy train for their communities."
That explains why the country
seems to be permanently at war. If we had peace, the war machine would
be out of a job. Every year since World War II, the U.S. has been at war somewhere.
It has been said that if we didn’t have a war to fight, we would have
to create one just to keep the war business going. We have a military
empire of over 800 bases around the world. What is to become of them
when the lion lies down with the lamb and peace reigns everywhere?
Military Conversion
Fortunately, there is a way to
solve these problems without maintaining a perpetual state of war: keep
the jobs but convert them to civilian use. Military conversion
is a well thought-out program that could provide real economic stimulus
and national security for people here and abroad. Existing military
bases, laboratories, and production facilities can be converted to
civilian uses. Bases can become industrial parks, schools, airports,
hospitals, recreation facilities, and so forth. Converted factories can
produce consumer and capital goods: machine tools, electric locomotives,
farm machinery, oil field equipment, construction machinery for
modernizing infrastructure.
It has been done before. According to Lloyd Dumas inThe Socio-economic Conversion from War to Peace (1995):
"At the end of World War II, . . . a large fraction of the nation's output had to be moved from military to civilian production. . . . Some 30 percent of U.S. output was transferred in one year without the unemployment rate ever rising above 3 percent. This experience made it clear that it is possible to redirect enormous amounts of productive resources from military to civilian activity without intolerable economic disruption."
In the early 19th century, when
we had no major wars to fight, the U.S. military was turned into a civil
service that built infrastructure for the nation.
A successful modern example is the United States Army Corps of Engineers
(USACE), the world's largest public engineering, design and construction
management agency. Its mission is to provide vital public engineering
services to strengthen the nation's security, energize the economy, and
reduce risks from disasters. Generally associated with dams, canals and
flood protection in the United States, USACE is involved in a wide range
of public works both here and abroad. The Corps of Engineers provides
24% of U.S. hydropower capacity and is engaged in environmental
regulation and ecosystem restoration, among other useful projects.
The late Seymour Melman, a
professor at Columbia University, wrote extensively for fifty years on
"economic conversion", the ordered transition from military to civilian
production by military industries and facilities. He showed
that a carefully designed conversion program could create more jobs
than the war machine sustains now. The military actually destroys jobs
in the civilian economy. The higher profits from cost-plus military
manufacturing cause manufacturers to abandon more competitive civilian
endeavors; and the permanent war economy takes engineers, capital and
resources away from civilian production.
"Across the nation colleges and universities are turning to the Pentagon for greater research funding as Congress and successive administrations have cut back on scientific research and development investment. As this trend worsens we find growing evidence that engineering, computer science, astronomy, mathematics, and other departments are becoming "militarized" in order to maintain funding levels."
This research and production is
not easily transferable to civilian use, since it has been designed for
tasks that are radically different from civilian needs. And because we
have put so many resources into military production, we have fallen
behind industrially.
A 2007 study
by Robert Pollin and Heidi Garrett-Peltier of the University of
Massachusetts found that government investment in education creates
twice as many jobs as investment in the military. Spending on personal
consumption, health care, education, mass transit, and construction for
home weatherization and infrastructure repair all were found to create
more jobs per $1 billon in expenditures than military spending does.
Clearly, the half of the budget
now going to military pursuits could be better spent. If we are going to
double exports in the next five years, as President Obama has pledged,
we will need to divert some of the resources poured down the black hole
of war to productive civilian industry.
Prepared for "The Military Industrial Complex at 50", a conference in Charlottesville, VA, September 16-18, 2011.
Prepared for "The Military Industrial Complex at 50", a conference in Charlottesville, VA, September 16-18, 2011.
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12 h. |
| SÁBADO 25 DE JUNIO DE 2011 |
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25 juin 2011 Les titres de Une : L'édition du soir |
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Marine Le Pen, reine d'un soir
Faux témoignage/TF1 : l'attachée de presse démissionne
Le bateau français à destination de Gaza est parti de Corse
Raid en Libye : l'Otan dément la mort de civils
Des centaines de personnes aux obsèques de Laetitia
Affaire DSK : les rêves brisés de son communicant, Stéphane Fouks
E. Coli : l'état d'une des personnes contaminées à Bordeaux s'aggrave
Martine Aubry : alors, c'est oui ?
ESPAGNE : les "indignés" marchent vers Madrid
Vague de suicides au ministère des Finances
Le NPA désigne ce week-end son candidat à la présidentielle
Apple, un danger pour la liberté d'expression?
Le Sénat de New York vote le mariage gay
Gay pride : objectif Elysée
Gilad Shalit : un juge d'instruction nommé "dans les prochains jours"
L'inspecteur Columbo est mort
LIBYE. "L'option militaire ne pourra pas résoudre cette crise"
Samy Naceri en psychiatrie, les seins de Katy Perry, Canalis - Clooney, c'est fini : 7 jours chez les people
Le jeu vidéo de la semaine : Child of Eden
L'application de la semaine : Photosynth
Fredo Lagaffe ou la chute de la maison Mitterrand
L’ombre de la canicule va planer ce week-end
L'égyptologue Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt est morte
HERAULT. Une fillette de trois ans se noie dans une piscine
La mère, qui pensait sa fille couchée, a découvert le corps de l'enfant au fond de la piscine.
GRECE : le gouvernement "confiant" sur le vote du plan d'austérité
Un grave accident sur l'A3 fait sept blessés
AFGHANISTAN : 20 morts dans un attentat suicide
Une voiture piégée a explosé
alors que le président Hamid Karzaï évoquait justement la menace
terroriste lors d'une conférence internationale.
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Michael Jackson : même pas mort
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Le retour de Paul le poulpe
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June 25, 2011 |
Today from VOANews.com |
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NATO Responds to Libya Claim that Strikes Killed 15 CiviliansSpokesman for alliance mission in Libya says coalition has 'no indications of any civilian casualties in connection with strikes' |
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Suicide Bomber Strikes Medical Facility in Eastern AfghanistanBombing in mountainous, remote Logar province kills at least 20 people, including women, children |
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Hundreds of Syrians Flee into LebanonLebanese security official says that up to 1,000 Syrians, at least six with gunshot wounds, have crossed into northern Lebanon |
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Israel Seeks Freedom for Soldier Held in Gaza Since 2006Soldier's freedom has become an urgent public cause in the Jewish state |
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Egypt Decides It Does Not Need World Bank, IMF FundingEgypt says it has cut budget deficit for next year and now will not have to seek international financial assistance |
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Greece Reacts to New Austerity PlansGreek parliament has week to decide on new austerity measures, but citizens already are feeling pain from cuts, tax increases |
![Protesters shout slogans during a rally against the austerity economic measures and corruption, in front of the parliament in Athens' Syntagma [Constitution] in Greece, June 23, 2011](http://media.voanews.com/images/75*75/reuters_greece_athens_protests_230_23june2011.jpg "Protesters shout slogans during a rally against the austerity economic measures and corruption, in front of the parliament in Athens' Syntagma [Constitution] in Greece, June 23, 2011") |
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Obama: Tech Innovations Can Spur Job GrowthObama calling for renewed emphasis on cutting-edge research, technological advances as way to spur sluggish job growth |
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New York State Approves Same-Sex MarriageNew York becomes the sixth US state to legalize gay marriage |
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Peter Falk Dies at 83Falk is best known for his portrayal of the television detective Columbo, a role that earned him 4 Emmy awards |
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Fossil Studies Show Dinosaurs Were Warm-BloodedScientists develop technique for measuring body temperature, which raises as many new questions about dinosaur biology as it answers |
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The New Republic Daily Report
06/25/11
A Plea to Obama: Do Not Ignore the Horror That is Unfolding in Sudan The Editors
It seems that widespread
atrocities are yet again taking place in Sudan. Of course, there is much we do
not know about precisely what is happening; but the reports coming out of the
country are nauseating, and they sound all too similar to reports that emerged
from South Sudan during the 1990s or from Darfur during the early days of that
genocide. Could it be that we are witnessing the early stages of yet another
slaughter perpetrated by the government in Khartoum?The roots of the current killing go back decades, to the long civil war between South Sudan and the central government in the North. That war was brought to a formal close in 2005, when the Bush administration helped to negotiate a peace treaty between the two sides. One stipulation of the agreement was that the South would eventually be able to hold a referendum on independence. A vote was finally held this past January, and South Sudanese opted by an overwhelming margin to form a new country. The date for the South to declare independence was set for July 9..
Continue reading "'A Plea to Obama: Do Not Ignore the Horror That is Unfolding in Sudan"
Celebrating Clarence Clemons—But Not the Racial Stereotype 'the Big Man' Came to Stand For David Hajdu
Two Movies That Prove the Best Action in Film Today Is Actually Happening on Television David Thomson
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Sábado, 25 Junho 2011 |
Principais Notícias |
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Pequim justifica apoio a ditaduras africanasA China defende que embargos e sanções contra o Sudão e outros brutais governos africanos não resultam |
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Angola: Educação continua a deixar muito a desejarOs professores queixam-se por exemplo de deficiências no que respeita a material didáctico. |
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Angola: Onofre dos Santos reservado quando à Comissao Eleitoral independenteO director das eleições de 1992 manifestou reservas sobre uma Comissão Eleitoral independente nos moldes exigidos pela oposição |
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Michelle Obama em África - a visita em imagensVeja aqui as fotos da visita da Primeira Dama americana à África do Sul e ao Botswana |
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ANGOLA, FALA SÓ - William Tonet, Director do Folha 8 respondeu aos ouvintes da VOAInscreva-se para participar e ouça aqui as emissões anteriores. Ouça William Tonet a responder aos nossos ouvintes |
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ONU: É imperioso investigar mortes de Nino Vieira e Tagme Na WaieBan Ki-moon,afirma também estar “particularmente preocupado” com o tráfico de droga na Guiné-Bissau |
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São Tomé: Governo põe 148 mil Euros à disposição da CNEEm falta estão outros 150 mil Euros para garantir a realização das eleições presidênciais a 17 de Julho |
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Angola: Professores sobrecarregados em MalanjeUm professor lecciona quatro classes a 100 crianças nos períodos da manhã e da tarde. |
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EUA acompanharam de perto colapso português em MoçambiqueNovo livro revela detalhes sobre o conturbado ano de 1974 ano do "Fim do Imério eo Nascimento da Nação". |
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Angola: Médico do Namibe poderá ser processado por extorsãoO médico envolvido num suposto acto de extorsão dos seus pacientes arrisca-se a dois processos, um criminal o outro disciplinar. |
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Audio: |
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Weekly Report from Taiwan Security Research (Jun. 26,
2011 )
For full text, click on the title
or visit the TSR web page at taiwansecurity.org